tendency of people to hope for a world more limitless than this (IE ‘the next life’) rather than attempting to remove or minimise the effects of all the limits humans have built for each other
optimism, pessimism, realism, absurdism
faith
climate change and doomsday attitudes
lack of imagination on alternatives
suppression of alternatives through institutional power
suppression of art and thought on possible futures
lack of power

economics, politics and sociology inextricably linked
what is social change
- “The significant alteration of social structure and cultural patterns through time. It encompasses transformations in social institutions, behaviour, and cultural norms, often as a response to economic, political, environmental, or technological factors.”
  - Harper, C. L., & Leicht, K. T. (2019). Exploring Social Change: America and the World. New York: Routledge
intended impact and whether we meet it
how do we measure it- measuring social change
prioritising methods that work within complexities rather than offering a ‘miracle cure’
activism, liberation
revolt vs reform
just transitions
alternative systems
art activism
legal interventions, legal protections
state intervention, system change
improve archives top-down
improve access and equity through tech

redundancy is necessary in certain contexts
- fundamental to the scientific process that an experiment is repeated with the same result
redundancy is undesirable in certain contexts, but made necessary by circumstance
- lack of access to resources that are [unnecessarily made proprietary](problems with proprietary)
redundancy can be desirable in certain contexts
- repeating processes or emulating events for teaching and learning
- useful to have redundant tech hardware, spares, surplus
use of the word redundancy for work and what it tells us about labour structures/relations - being made extra, surplus, against your wishes - yet cultural onus, blame and shame goes on the unemployed

Mentions

“Pro-capitalist ideologies such as neoliberalism convincingly promote growth as capitalism’s strength. In fact, […] growth is capitalism’s critical weakness; ” ➡

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wasting human effort

the myth of productivity
self-defined vs culture-defined
cultural differences in how people spend their time and for what/who
necessary and unnecessary redundancy
the amount of time people spend in service of values they disagree with, orgs they don’t align with and things that don’t forward their goals
unfulfilled dreams
hobbies, leisure and ‘free’ time as a small slice of our time
deliberate inefficiency (book)